Propolis Extract
A resinous mixture collected by bees, known for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
What does Propolis Extract do for skin?
Propolis extract exerts its dermatological effects primarily through its rich content of flavonoids and phenolic acids. It acts as an antioxidant by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting lipid peroxidation, thus protecting skin cells from oxidative stress-induced damage. Its anti-inflammatory action involves modulating the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., prostaglandins, cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β) and inhibiting pathways like NF-κB activation. Furthermore, propolis demonstrates antimicrobial properties against various skin pathogens, including *Cutibacterium acnes*, and promotes wound healing through enhanced collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and epithelial regeneration.
Typical concentration: 0.5-5% (most formulas use 1-3%)
Is Propolis Extract safe?
The CIR Expert Panel concluded Propolis Extract is safe in cosmetic practices, provided allergenic impurities are not present at hazardous concentrations. However, it is a known allergen, particularly in individuals sensitive to bee products or balsam of Peru, with contact dermatitis being a potential reaction.
What does the research say about Propolis Extract?
Khayrova A, et al. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2018 Jan;11(1):31-36.
Braakhuis A, et al. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019 Jun;18(3):805-812.
Propolis and skin diseases: a review
Kurek-Górecka A, et al. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2018 Jan;27(1):159-165.